Saline Intrusion in Puerto Vallarta's Freshwater Sources: Hydrogeophysical Analysis in a Mexican Coastal City
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This research addresses potential saline intrusion in a coastal tourist city such as Puerto Vallarta, a significant tourist hub on the Mexican Pacific coast, where water production and consumption are close to the equilibrium point.Overexploitation and proximity to the ocean threaten its sources of supply.The objective is to explore the possible saline intrusion that occurs when salt water mixes with groundwater sources for human consumption.Various factors, such as the overexploitation of aquifers, highlight the need for effective management of water resources in coastal tourist cities due to the growing pressure on this resource by the population and visitors.The study commences with an exploratory analysis of a water extraction source located in the Pitillal River basin, with suspicions of elevated chloride levels.Employing hydrogeophysical analysis to measure the electrical resistivity of subsurface materials, the research determines their characteristics and distribution.Results indicate low resistivity at 14-20 meters depth, associated with water containing chlorides.On-site verification reveals a concentration of 301 mg/L of dissolved chlorides, surpassing the recommended 250 mg/L for human consumption according to the World Health Organization and the Official Mexican Standard.Therefore, ongoing studies in other nearby sources are crucial to assess contamination risks and enhance strategies for water use efficiency or explore new sources, ensuring sustainability and water security in the region.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".