Bibliographic record
Abstract
eorge Copway-or "Kah-ge-ga-gah-bowh," which has been translated as "He Who Stands Forever" and as "Standing Firm" (Smith 6, 30n7)-was born near Trenton, Canada West (now Ontario), in 1818.Raised as a traditional Ojibwa until his parents converted to Methodism in 1827, he assisted Methodist missionaries as an adolescent following his own conversation to Christianity and eventually attended the Ebenezer Manual Labor School in Jacksonville, Illinois; he remained there for less than two years.After marrying Elizabeth Howell, an English woman and a talented writer, in 1840, the Copways pursued their work as missionaries to Aboriginal communities in the Midwestern United States.Elected Vice President of the Grand Council of Methodist Ojibways of Upper Canada in 1845, Copway was imprisoned briefly following accusations of embezzlement, and after his expulsion from the Canadian Conference of the Wesleyan Methodist Church, he left for the United States in disgrace.He then began his career as a writer, translator, herbalist, newspaper editor, and lecturer, but his success and the popularity of his work were short-lived.After several years of professional and financial struggles, he died in Oka, Quebec, in 1869. His first book, The Life, History, and Travels of Kah-ge-ga-gah-bowh (George Copway), a Young Indian Chief of the Ojibwa Nation, a Convert
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.250 | 0.135 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".