La chasse baleinière française, une industrie au cœur des échanges avec les Mondes américains des années 1780 aux années 1830
Bibliographic record
Abstract
L’une des conséquences indirectes et inattendues de la Guerre d’indépendance des États-Unis est la renaissance de l’industrie baleinière en France dans les années 1780. Soumise au strict protectionnisme anglais, la nouvelle nation états-unienne perd son principal débouché commercial pour ses huiles et ses fanons de cétacés. Un transfert massif de capitaux, de techniques et de pratiques vers Dunkerque, puis Le Havre, est alors orchestré par des armateurs et marins expérimentés de New Bedford et des Quakers de l’île de Nantucket. Incarnée par les trajectoires personnelles de la famille Rotch et de Jeremiah Winslow, premier armateur baleinier français du xixe siècle, la baleinerie française s’appuie sur des processus d'échanges humains et socio-économiques mais aussi de savoir-faire transatlantiques qui permettent l’essor de cette branche industrielle halieutique si spécifique.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.011 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".