Investigating Challenges and Effects of Students’ Low Enrolment on the Sustainability of Primary School Education in Eastern Nigeria
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The enrolment into primary schools in Nigeria has been low for several years now. The aim of this study is to examine the challenges and the effects of students’ low enrolment on sustainable primary school education in Eastern Nigeria. A structured questionnaire was used to gather primary data from one thousand and eight hundred teacher respondents of public primary schools in the region. The descriptive survey research design is employed. The gathered data were analysed using statistical mean. The results show that the socio-economic challenges of primary school students’ low enrolment include poverty, hunger, epidemics, parents’ inability to pay school fees, buy exercise books and other learning materials, the illness of a family member, early marriage and pregnancy, home services, gendered worldviews against sending female children to school, rituals, and culturally-insensitive education programmes. The effects of students’ low enrolment on primary school education include reduced efficiency in the school system, waste of human and material resources, thriving barriers to the child’s meaningful future, increased social vices, inadequate development of the individual’s potentialities, and barriers to employment and income. The study submits that primary school students’ low enrolment can be improved through the introduction of free transportation to school, free stipend for primary school children, practical school feeding programmes, free education, scholarships, and sustained effective monitoring and evaluation systems. It charges stakeholders and school management officials to be proactive and decisive on tackling the identified challenges by imbibing the aforementioned and other pragmatic measures.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".