Effects of bryophytes on forest regeneration microsites in temperate climate: implications for natural regeneration of Pinus sylvestris and Quercus petraea in mixed forest
Bibliographic record
Abstract
All the environmental conditions necessary for natural forest regeneration constitute a favorable microsite for seed germination and seedling growth. Among these microsites, terricolous bryophytes represent an important support, present in almost all ecosystems. In addition, bryophytes have an important role in the recruitment of certain vascular plants in temperate forests. Terricolous bryophytes, through the expression of certain morphological traits such as density or mat thickness, can modify regeneration microsites by modulating soil temperatures; moisture and access to nutrients (filter theory). However, the interactions between tree forest regeneration and bryophytes remain poorly understood. In order to understand the interactions between bryophytes and regeneration, we studied the general effects of vegetation strata and bryophytes on natural forest regeneration in a causal system (Structural Equation Modelling) on a national network of observation plots. In a second step, we conducted a regeneration monitoring in mixed forest on a regional network of experimental plots to identify the effects of bryophytes on the growth and survival of sessile oak (Quercus petraea) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) seedlings. We also tried to evaluate the effects of two functionally different bryophyte species on the abiotic conditions of the microsite by monitoring temperature, humidity and light in situ. Finally, we conducted a semi-controlled greenhouse experiment to monitor germination and growth of oak and pine on bryophyte mats as well as on bare soil as a function of two atmospheric and two edaphic humidities. We show and discuss that, depending on their functional traits; different bryophyte species do not have the same effect on seedling establishment, growth, or survival rates. Bryophytes may have a physical barrier effect but also play a role on moisture in regeneration microsites. Terricolous bryophytes would filter out different tree species depending on their seed size.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".