Minor Prophets
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Minor Prophets Fred W. Guyette, Thomas Hieke, Michael W. Duggan, William J. Urbrock, Christopher T. Begg, and Brian J. Meldrum Fred W. Guyette Erskine College and Seminary, Anderson University Thomas Hieke Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz Michael W. Duggan Calgary AB, Canada William J. Urbrock University of Wisconsin, Oshkosh Christopher T. Begg Catholic University of America Brian J. Meldrum Sacred Heart Major Seminary, Detroit 2381. [Reading the Book of the Twelve] David G. Firth and Brittany M. Melton, "On Reading the Twelve Minor Prophets," Reading the Book of the Twelve Minor Prophets, 1-6 [see #2537]. In the modern study of the Twelve Minor Prophets, two books written by Brevard S. Childs can be taken as something of a watershed. Prior to 1970, scholars were primarily interested in analyzing smaller passages of Scripture, especially insofar as their literary forms could be identified by form criticism. In Exodus (1974) and Introduction to the Bible as Scripture (1979), however, Childs shifted the emphasis back to the theological message of entire books. Gerald Wilson took a similar "macro" approach in his book, The Editing of the Hebrew Psalter (1985). Earlier studies of the Minor Prophets also followed the old paradigm of analyzing smaller units of text, but this new emphasis opened the way to studying The Twelve as a collection with greater unity of genre, plot, structure, and shared themes. The book by Paul House, The Unity of the Twelve (1990), is instructive in this regard. House wrote: "The Twelve are structured in a way that demonstrates the sin of Israel and the nations, the punishment of the sin, and the restoration of both from that sin. These three emphases represent the heart of the content of the prophetic genre" (House, p. 68). Also worthy of attention are the essays by M. Sweeney, "Sequence and Interpretation in the Book of the Twelve," Reading and Hearing the Book of the Twelve (2000) 49-64, and in the same volume, R. Rendtorff, "How to Read the Book of the Twelve as a Theological Unity," 75-87.—F.W.G. Google Scholar 2382. [The New Covenant in the Book of the Twelve] Anthony R. Petterson, "The New Covenant in the Book of the Twelve," Reading the Book of the Twelve Minor Prophets, 103-24 [see #2537]. In The Book of the Twelve, explicit references to a New Covenant are not very common, but there are a good number of verses that make implicit connections with New Covenant themes. To see this more clearly, let's begin with Jer 31:31-34 and the four themes identified by Bruce Ware in his essay "The New Covenant and the People(s) of God," Dispensationalism, Israel, and the Church (1992) 68-97. Ware emphasizes four points: (1) the law will be internal rather than external: "I will put my law in their minds." (2) There will be a new result: "They will all know me." (3) The covenant will rest on a new foundation: "For I will forgive their wickedness," and (4) there will be a new scope for inclusion: "from the least of them to the greatest." The prophet Hosea knows something about the New Covenant, because of the difficult experiences he has had with his unfaithful wife, Gomer. As for Joel and the new covenant, "heart" language is prominent in Joel 2: "Return to me with all your heart. Rend your heart, and not your garments." Joel likewise envisages an all-encompassing future divine intervention: "I will pour out my Spirit on all flesh." What do we find in Mic 7:18-19 that speaks of covenant? "You are a God of mercy, who pardons [End Page 874] sin and forgives transgressions." See also J. Barker, "From Where Does My Hope Come? Theodicy and the Character of Yhwh in Allusions to Exodus 34:6-7 in the Book of the Twelve," JETS 61 (2018) 697-715.—F.W.G. Google Scholar 2383. [God's Spirit and Presence in the Book of the Twelve] Beth M. Stovell, "Filled, Empowered, Dwelling, Trembling, and Fleeing: Mapping God's Spirit and Presence in the Book of the Twelve," Reading the Book of the...
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.071 | 0.019 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".