Fast and Slow Time-Scale Effects of Photoinduced Surface Oxygen Vacancies on the Charge Carrier Dynamics of TiO<sub>2</sub>
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The migration of charge carriers (e.g., electrons and holes) in metal oxides, such as TiO 2, plays a vital role in (photo)catalytic applications. Nevertheless, photoinduced surface oxygen vacancies (PI-SOVs), prompted by high-energy ultraviolet irradiation, can significantly alter the dynamics of the charge carriers. Here, we performed time-resolved atomic force microscopy measurements to quantitatively deliver effects of such surface defects on the dynamics of fast (i.e., electrons) and slow (i.e., holes) charge carriers of the TiO 2 and TiO 2 /gold nanoparticle interface. Our results show that time constants and/or energy barriers associated with the migration of charge carriers change across the sample landscape due to PI-SOVs.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it