Expert Consensus on the Clinical Utilization of Ketamine and Its Isomers in Intensive Care Units
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Analgesia and sedation are important treatment strategies in the intensive care unit (ICU). Due to the opioid crisis, opioid-sparing medications become the focus of clinical studies. Ketamine and its isomers (mainly esketamine) are intravenous anesthetics that possess sedative, analgesic, and anesthetic effects, which have recently attracted the attention of critical care physicians. However, the application of ketamine/esketamine in ICU is limited and inexperienced. Experts from the Critical Care Medicine Professional Committee of the Chinese Research Hospital Association drafted this consensus based on the current clinical evidence to provide recommendations for the application of ketamine/esketamine in different fields of critical care, including sepsis and septic shock, endotracheal intubation, neurocritical care, respiratory critical care, post cardiac surgery care, burn and depression in ICU. Meanwhile, this expert consensus also appeals for more high-quality clinical trials to facilitate more reasonable guidelines in this area.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.017 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".