Expert Consensus on the Clinical Utilization of Ketamine and Its Isomers in Intensive Care Units
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Analgesia and sedation are important treatment strategies in the intensive care unit (ICU). Due to the opioid crisis, opioid-sparing medications become the focus of clinical studies. Ketamine and its isomers (mainly esketamine) are intravenous anesthetics that possess sedative, analgesic, and anesthetic effects, which have recently attracted the attention of critical care physicians. However, the application of ketamine/esketamine in ICU is limited and inexperienced. Experts from the Critical Care Medicine Professional Committee of the Chinese Research Hospital Association drafted this consensus based on the current clinical evidence to provide recommendations for the application of ketamine/esketamine in different fields of critical care, including sepsis and septic shock, endotracheal intubation, neurocritical care, respiratory critical care, post cardiac surgery care, burn and depression in ICU. Meanwhile, this expert consensus also appeals for more high-quality clinical trials to facilitate more reasonable guidelines in this area.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.085 | 0.147 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.006 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.006 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.008 | 0.007 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".