From Ice to Deep Water Fans: Seismic Geomorphology Reveals the Story of a Glacigenic Basin Floor Fan offshore West of Shetland
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study uses 3D seismic reflection data to conduct a detailed seismic geomorphology analysis of a portion of a glacigenic basin fan system located offshore West of Shetland in water depths greater than 1000 m.These deposits lie downslope from a gully system linked to the Foula wedge trough mouth fan, with both systems remarkably preserved at the present-day seafloor. While the seafloor morphology has received extensive attention in existing literature, the basin fan system subsurface structure, particularly its 3D geometry and distribution, remains less understood. This study lifts the veil, unveiling its basal surface and internal architecture in unprecedented detail. The 3D seismic characterisation reveals a complex basin channel network with linear, diverging erosional features and distinctive terminal lobes. These lobes exhibit stacked and backstepping patterns. The seismic geomorphology showcases features indicative of both debris flows and turbidites. This intricate interplay suggests a complex shelf-to-basin sediment transport and deposition mechanism.The integration of this newfound evidence with existing regional bathymetry, helped pinpoint the source of the main basin distributary channels to two of the downslope gullies. This suggests that, initially, high energy flows remained somewhat confined within the basin area allowing erosion. These local-scale insights shed light on different sediment delivery processes and their impact on basin fans development. Ultimately, these findings contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the Foula wedge large-scale dynamics, particularly the influence of meltwater pulses driven by paleo-morphology, substrate characteristics, and unique ice-sheet behaviour during the Pleistocene glaciations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".