A major paleoearthquake in central Canada interpreted from early postglacial subaqueous mass transport deposits
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Regional contextGlacial Lake Barlow-Ojibway formed against the Laurentide Ice Sheet as it retreated northwards through western Quebecnortheastern Ontario, central Canada (Veillette 1994; Vincent et al. 1979).The lake persisted between about 11.0-8.2kyr cal Bp (Brouard et al. 2021; Dyke 2004), then drained catastrophically northwards into the Hudson Bay basin.Extensive glaciolacustrine sediments containing interbedded subaqueous landslide deposits (or mass transport deposits [MTDs]) accumulated within the lake and now underlie large areas of the former basin, including the beds of modern lakes.A paleoseismic investigation into the spatial distribution and age of such buried MTDs can recognize a regional signature of similarly aged MTDs that may be evidence of a major paleoearthquake, as summarized in this article. Recognizing a regional MTD signatureTo recognize the presence of a possible regional MTD signature in the Barlow-Ojibway basin, sets of "event horizon" maps were compiled using data from sub-bottom geophysical surveys at Dasserat, Duparquet, and Dufresnoy lakes (Fig. 1b).An individual
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.006 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".