Tracking viable and dead cell clusters in melanoma after FLASH and conventional radiotherapy with optical coherence tomography
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The issue of radiation damage to skin in conventional radiotherapy (RT) has motivated pre-clinical studies to demonstrate reduced skin toxicity and overall improved normal tissue sparing in high-dose rate FLASH RT. We address the critical need for diagnostic tools to evaluate radiobiological response mechanisms produced with FLASH RT by using low-coherence light scattering to quantify skin and tumor tissue response to FLASH versus conventional radiotherapy. A study of melanoma growth in dorsal skin window chambers on rodents in vivo following separate regiments of RT treatment was conducted with optical coherence tomography (OCT), followed by parametric texture analysis of volumetric OCT images to delineate viable and dead cell clusters in tissue. Longitudinal quantification of viable and dead cell proportion demonstrates the severity of conventional RT damage to skin in comparison with higher epidermal structural integrity preserved by FLASH radiotherapy, highlighting potential of OCT for microstructural imaging in this first-of-its-kind study.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".