Recent progress in laser cooling of oxide only phase separated rare earth silica glasses
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Silica glass is an extremely useful material with excellent optical and mechanical properties, that is easily shaped into a wide variety of forms. Unfortunately, due to the high phonon energy of silica, it has been a challenge to use it for laser cooling applications as it requires ultrahigh purity to avoid parasitic heating adding to the non-radiative pathways, and which act as a severe heat load in any cooling event. Our research over the years has focused on trying to incorporate rare earth materials in silica glass for example, in the form of nanocrystals of fluoride through heat treatment, which provide a low phonon environment, thus shielding it from the high phonon energy silica host. As opposed to the untreated glasses, which showed significant heating, this approach resulted in near zero temperature rise. However, this route as well, is an arduous one as purification of the starting materials is still an issue for the casting technique used for glass manufacture. Recently, our work has focused on inducing phase separation of active rare earth oxides in an environment of a non-active rare earth oxides, such as yttrium oxide to form a unique glass. We have shown that through temperature control, the phase separation of RE: yttria can be either enhanced or reversed, transitioning from clear to turbid to clear glass states using a high purity MCVD process. Our work led to the largest successful cooling reported to date of GAYY-PS oxide glass by with a temperature drop of 4 K from the ambient. This presentation reviews these developments and subsequent progress of laser cooling and other applications in these novel and highly promising glasses.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".