Studies in Ground Heat Transfer and Thermal Energy Storage Using Phase Change Material and Nanoparticles
Bibliographic record
Abstract
<p>The thesis begins with a literature review of phase change material (PCM) and heat transfer intensification methods. The challenges of using these methods are discussed, and the potential of adding nanoparticles as one of the heat transfer enhancement methods is explored thoroughly and presented. Also, the potential of implementing thermally enhanced latent heat thermal energy storage (TES) in a ground source heat pump (GSHP) system is presented. A detailed study has been carried out on developing an enhanced numerical approach to investigate the melting performance of nanoPCM (exfoliated graphene nanoplatelets (xGnP)octadecane) filled in a vertical cylindrical enclosure at different weight concentrations. The results showed that by adding 0.5wt% of xGnP in the base PCM (octadecane), the melting rate decreases by 9.7% and the heat storage rate increases by 12.6%.</p>
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".