Mitigation of residual deformations in eccentrically braced frames through a low‐cost re‐centering mechanism
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Previous studies have demonstrated that the response of stable yielding systems to random excitations such as earthquakes is inherently accompanied by residual deformations. Stable yielding systems with highly enhanced ductility capacity are more prone to residual deformations. Steel eccentrically braced frames (EBFs) are designed to sustain significant localized inelastic deformations in the segment of the beam referred to as the yielding link, which results in much larger link rotations when compared to inter‐story drift ratios (SDR). Recent experimental and numerical studies on the response of EBFs have demonstrated that even with moderate residual inter‐SDR (less than 0.5%), severe link residual rotations could be expected, which could render the structure difficult to repair. For replaceable yielding links, which were developed to expedite the repair and recovery process in EBFs after major seismic events, large residual link rotations will hinder the link replacement process or at times make it impossible. Therefore, mitigation of residual deformations is of greater importance in EBFs with replaceable yielding links than in conventional EBFs with a continuous beam. This paper provides a brief review of past research on residual deformations and methods for their mitigation. A low‐cost re‐centering system for use in EBFs is proposed to work in parallel with the yielding link, in order to mitigate residual deformations. The proposed system is adopted for two prototype structures designed with EBFs equipped with cast steel replaceable modular yielding links. The effectiveness of the re‐centering strategy is evaluated by means of pseudo‐dynamic hybrid simulations, as well as numerical simulations. The hybrid simulations and numerical studies both demonstrate that not only the proposed system is highly effective at mitigating the residual deformations, but also it is effective in reducing the peak deformations in EBFs.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".