Mutating the arginine residue within the FRNK motif of HC-Pro yield highly attenuated strains that confer complete cross protection against telosma mosaic virus (TelMV) in passion fruit ( <i>Passiflora edulis</i> )
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Telosma mosaic virus (TelMV, Potyvirus, Potyviridae ) is an emerging viral pathogen causing a major global threat to passion fruit plantations. However, an efficient strategy for controlling such viruses is not yet available. Cross protection is a phenomenon in which pre-infection of a plant with one virus prevents or delays superinfection with the same or closely related virus. HC-Pro is the potyviral encoded multifunctional protein involved in several steps of viral infection, including multiplication, movement, transmission and RNA silencing suppression. The main hypothesis we tested in this study was whether it is possible to generate attenuated viral strains capable of conferring protection against severe TelMV infection by manipulating the HC-Pro gene. By introducing point mutation into the potyviral conserved motif FRNK of HC-Pro, we have successfully obtained three highly attenuated mutants of TelMV (R 181 K, R 181 D and R 181 E, respectively) that can systemically infect passion fruit plants without any noticeable symptoms. Importantly, these mutants confer complete protection against subsequent infection of severe recombinant virus TelMV-GFP, evidenced by no detection of viral RNA or protein of the superinfection virus in the systemic leaves of passion fruit plants in both early and late stages. Lastly, we demonstrated that the HC-Pros harbored by the highly attenuated mutants exhibited reduced RNA silencing suppression activity in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. Altogether, this study provides the first demonstration of the generation of highly attenuated strains for TelMV and highlights key amino acid residue involved in complete cross protection against TelMV, opening a new avenue to fight TelMV in the field.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".