Mediated Peroxymonosulfate Activation at the Single Atom Fe‐N<sub>3</sub>O<sub>1</sub> Sites: Synergistic Degradation of Antibiotics by Two Non‐Radical Pathways
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The activation of persulfates to degrade refractory organic pollutants is a hot issue in advanced oxidation right now. Here, it is reported that single‐atom Fe‐incorporated carbon nitride (Fe‐CN‐650) can effectively activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for sulfamethoxazole (SMX) removal. Through some characterization techniques and DFT calculation, it is proved that Fe single atoms in Fe‐CN‐650 exist mainly in the form of Fe‐N 3 O 1 coordination, and Fe‐N 3 O 1 exhibited better affinity for PMS than the traditional Fe‐N 4 structure. The degradation rate constant of SMX in the Fe‐CN‐650/PMS system reached 0.472 min −1 , and 90.80% of SMX can still be effectively degraded within 10 min after five consecutive recovery cycles. The radical quenching experiment and electrochemical analysis confirm that the pollutants are mainly degraded by two non‐radical pathways through 1 O 2 and Fe(IV)═O induced at the Fe‐N 3 O 1 sites. In addition, the intermediate products of SMX degradation in the Fe‐CN‐650/PMS system show toxicity attenuation or non‐toxicity. This study offers valuable insights into the design of carbon‐based single‐atom catalysts and provides a potential remediation technology for the optimum activation of PMS to disintegrate organic pollutants.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it