Thoracic aortic surgery in low- and middle-income countries: Time to bridge the gap?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The knowledge surrounding the global epidemiology of thoracic aortic disease is mostly confined to high-income countries, where thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs) have an incidence of at least 5.3 per 100,000 people per year and acute thoracic aortic dissections (ATADs) occur in approximately 3 to 4 cases per 100,000 person-years.1,2 The true prevalence of TAAs is likely underestimated because more than 90% of people who live with TAAs remain asymptomatic until dissection or rupture occurs, which may explain why epidemiological estimates of TAAs and ATADs are nearly comparable.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.013 | 0.034 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.006 | 0.003 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.010 | 0.008 |
| Open science | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.020 | 0.032 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.007 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".