Statistics of LF-MF Auroral Radio Emissions Observed at South Pole Station in 2020
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In 2022–2023, Dartmouth College in collaboration with University of New Brunswick set up receiving systems to measure natural auroral radio emissions at three sites in Nunavut, Canada: Qikiktarjuaq, Iqaluit, and Halls Beach. These sites surround the point which is geomagnetically conjugate to South Pole Station, Antarctica, where a similar radio recieving system operates. Multiple examples have bee recorded of simultaneous radio emissions at South Pole Station and one of the northern hemisphere sites, including both LF auroral hiss and 2fce and 3fce cyclotron harmonic emissions. About half of the conjugate LF auroral hiss events occurred within one month of equinox. In two examples near solstices, the hiss in the sunlit hemisphere is much weaker than that in the dark hemisphere. In about half of the examples, the LF hiss initiates at the same time in the two hemispheres to within 10 seconds. In most of the other cases, hiss occurs first in one hemisphere or the other by 100–200 seconds. The initial data show no obvious relationship between IMF conditions and simultaneity or lack thereof of the LF hiss in the two hemispheres. Near equinox multiple examples of simultaneous 2fce cyclotron harmonic emissions have been recorded, but away from equinox conditions, observation of 2fce in the dark hemisphere simultaneous with 3fce in the daylit hemisphere is more common, as expected because the higher density in the daylit hemisphere favors emission of higher harmonics. A surprising result of these observations is that on occasion the structure and frequency dispersion of the cyclotron harmonic emissions in the two hemispheres are similar, suggesting that local conditions may not be as dominant in determining the fine structure of the emissions as previously thought.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".