Immunomodulating Botanicals: An Overview of the Bioactive Phytochemicals for the Management of Autoimmune Disorders
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Immunomodulation refers to the mechanism by which the response of the immune system is modified by the regulation of antibody synthesis, leading to either an increase or a decrease in its levels in the circulation and body organs. Owing to their immunomodulation and remedial benefits, a broad range of herbal remedies have been shown to be effective in the treatment of autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, myasthenia gravis, and systemic lupus erythematosus. The ancient Indian system of Ayurveda and different other alternative therapeutic methods have acknowledged the potential benefits of herbal-based remedies to upregulate or suppress the immune response in the human body. The conventional pharmacotherapies used for the management of autoimmune ailments are documented to cause serious drug-induced adverse reactions (ADRs). Whereas, some phytotherapies have proven safe, reliable, and efficient alternatives for the existing drug regimens with lesser ADRs. For instance, Withania somnifera, Andrographis paniculate, Tinospora cordifolia, Glycyrrhiza glabra, and Berberis arista are a few herbs whose bioactive phytoconstituents have been reported to possess powerful immunomodulation properties. Based on their purported immunomodulatory mechanisms, they can be used for the management of autoimmune conditions. The focus of this review is to highlight the key inflammatory biomarkers such as TNF-α and interleukin 1, 6 involved in the distortion of the immune system in humans. Also, we will discuss the usefulness of animal models for understanding the underlying mechanisms of autoimmune disorders. In addition, we will describe the patents of phytomedicine formulations filed by different manufacturers for the management of autoimmune disorders, as well as futuristic opportunities that should be explored for discovering the therapeutic functions of alternate remedies for treating autoimmune diseases.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it