Brief multidimensional self-control scale: psychometric properties and cross-gender measurement invariance of the Portuguese version
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Self-control has been traditionally defined as the capacity to inhibit or overrule immediate urges in order to attain long-term goals, and it is considered an important topic of research in criminology and forensic psychology. The aim of the present study is to examine the psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the Brief Multidimensional Self-Control Scale (BMSCS). Our sample consisted of 242 male and female participants (M = 30.19 years, SD = 12.78, range = 16–77 years) from Portugal. The one-factor model and the two-factor second-order model obtained adequate fits. Internal consistency/reliability, as measured by the alpha and omega coefficients, was adequate when considering the BMSCS total but the Inhibition and Initiation factors tended to present lower values. Convergent validity (with other self-control measures), divergent validity, and criterion-related validity (with justice-involvement and alcohol/drug abuse variables) were demonstrated. Measurement invariance across gender was established, with no significant differences being found when comparing male and female participants. Our findings add novel information and mostly support the use of the recently developed BMSCS as a short, valid, and reliable measure of self-control.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".