Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome (NOWS) Monitoring Not Requiring NICU Admissions: Examining Rooming-in as Standard Care
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objectives: Neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS) refers to the withdrawal symptoms a newborn may experience if exposed to opioids in utero. Traditional NOWS management involves pharmacological treatments, and admission to a high acuity unit such as a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for continuous cardiorespiratory monitoring due to the theoretical risk of respiratory depression and apnea. This quality assurance project aims to demonstrate that current clinical practices at the Families in Recovery (FIR) unit at BC Women’s Hospital + Health Centre for infants diagnosed with NOWS are safe and effective; namely, that NICU admission and/or continuous cardiorespiratory monitoring is not necessary for infants (>35 weeks, without comorbidities) requiring morphine oral solution (MOS) to manage the symptoms of NOWS. Methods: A 5-year retrospective chart review of infants admitted to the FIR unit between 2014 and 2018 was conducted. All infants born/admitted to BC Women’s Hospital + Health Centre, diagnosed with NOWS, and given MOS to manage withdrawal symptoms were included. Data gathered included morphine treatment, associated respiratory status, and any reasons for NICU admission and subsequent length of stay. Results: Infants on MOS for NOWS management in NICU did not experience low respiratory rates with clinically significant oxygen desaturations. MOS management of NOWS on FIR is done successfully with Q4 vital assessment and additional supportive care when required. Conclusions: Infants requiring MOS for the treatment of NOWS, without comorbidities, can be safely managed without continuous cardiorespiratory monitoring outside the NICU setting, promoting the Rooming-in model of care and mitigating the financial burden on the health care system. Objectifs: Le Syndrome de Sevrage Néonatal aux Opioïdes (SSNO) désigne les symptômes de sevrage qu’un nouveau-né peut ressentir s’il est exposé à des opioïdes in utero. La prise en charge traditionnelle du SSNO comprend des traitements pharmacologiques et l’admission dans une Unité de Soins Intensifs Néonatals (USIN) pour une surveillance cardiorespiratoire continue en raison du risque théorique de dépression respiratoire et d’apnée. Ce projet d’assurance qualité vise à démontrer que les pratiques cliniques actuelles de l’unité Families in Recovery (FIR) du BC Women’s Hospital + Health Centre (BCWH) pour les nourrissons diagnostiqués avec un SSNO sont sûres et efficaces. L’admission en USIN et/ou la surveillance cardiorespiratoire continue n’est pas nécessaire pour les nourrissons (>35 semaines, sans comorbidités) nécessitant une solution orale de morphine (SOM) pour gérer les symptômes du SSNO. Méthodes: Une étude rétrospective sur 5 ans des dossiers des nourrissons admis dans l’unité FIR entre 2014-2018 a été réalisée. Tous les nourrissons nés/admis au BCWH, diagnostiqués avec un SSNO et ayant reçu une SOM pour gérer les symptômes de sevrage ont été inclus. Les données recueillies comprenaient le traitement à la morphine, l'état respiratoire associé et toutes les raisons de l’admission à l’unité de soins intensifs néonatals (USIN) et de la durée de séjour subséquente. Résultats: Les nourrissons sous SOM pour la prise en charge du SSNO en USIN n’ont pas connu de faibles fréquences respiratoires avec des désaturations en oxygène cliniquement significatives. La prise en charge par SOM du SSNO dans l’unité FIR est réussie avec une évaluation des fonctions vitales au 4e trimestre et des soins de soutien supplémentaires si nécessaire. Conclusion: Les nourrissons nécessitant une SOM pour le traitement du SSNO, sans comorbidités, peuvent être pris en charge en toute sécurité sans surveillance cardiorespiratoire continue en dehors de l’USIN. Ceci favorise le modèle de soins Rooming-in et atténue le fardeau financier pour le système de soins de santé.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".