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Pembrolizumab plus concurrent chemoradiotherapy versus placebo plus concurrent chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (KEYNOTE-412): a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial
Jean‐Pascal Machiels, Yungan Tao, Lisa Licitra, Barbara Burtness, Makoto Tahara, Danny Rischin, Gustavo Vasconcelos Alves, Iane Pinto Figueiredo Lima, Brett Hughes, Y. Pointreau, Sercan Aksoy, Simon Laban, Richard Greil, Martin Burian, Marcin Hetnał, Jean‐Pierre Delord, Ricard Mesı́a, Miren Taberna, John Waldron, Christian Simon, Vincent Grégoire, Kevin J. Harrington, Ramona F. Swaby, Yayan Zhang, Burak Gümüşçü, Behzad Bidadi, Lillian L. Siu, Bo Gao, Margaret McGrath, Dietmar Thurnher, Thorsten Fuereder, Sylvie Rottey, Paul Clement, Stéphanie Henry, S. Deheneffe, Josiane Mourão Dias, Pedro Rafael Martins De Marchi, Milena Perez Mak, Andrea Juliana Gomes, Tatiane Cardoso Motta, Mônica Luciana Agostinho Padoan, Ana Paula Victorina, Sérgio Jobim Azevedo, Stephanie Yasmin Brule, John Hilton, Chang Shu Wang, Nathaniel Bouganim, Marc Webster, John Walker, Neil Chua, Ángela R. Zambrano, Alicia Quiroga Echeverri, Oscar Mauricio Niño Gomez, Carlos Alberto Ortiz, Luis Alejandro Rojas, Andrés Cardona Zorilla, Olga Marcela Urrego Meléndez, Petra Holečková, Bohuslav Melichar, Jakub Cvek, Jana Prausová, Milan Vošmik, Xavier Zasadny, Lionnel Geoffrois, Rainer Fietkau, Marlen Haderlein, Andreas Müller, Ursula C. Schroeder, Barbara Wollenberg, Philipp Ivanyi, Viktor Gruenwald, Philippe Schafhausen, Orit Gutfeld, Iris Gluck, Aron Popovtzer, Amichay Meirovitz, Salem Billan, Baruch Brenner, Dror Limon, Francesco Perri, Francesco Caponigro, Martina Violati, Daris Ferrari, Franco Nolè, Federica Bertolini, Lorenzo Livi, Maria Grazia Ghi, Ilaria Imarisio, Akihiro Homma, Tsutomu Ueda, Yukinori Asada, Tomoko Yamazaki, Koji Matsumoto, Takashi Fujii, Sadakatsu Ikeda, Shunji Takahashi, Takashi Kinoshita, Keita Sasaki, Akihito Tsuji, Myung‐Ju Ahn, Byoung Chul Cho, Keun‐Wook Lee, Ki Hyeong Lee, Moon Ki Choi, Hwan‐Jung Yun, Mathijs P. Hendriks, Sjoukje F. Oosting, Jan Buter, Esther van Meerten, Andrzej Kawecki, Izabella Dębicka, Adam Maciejczyk, Maciej Pysz, Dorota Filarska, P. Koralewski, A. Wygoda, Krzysztof Składowski, Małgorzata Talerczyk, Alfonso Berrocal Jaime, Pedro Pérez Segura, Irene García, R. Mesía Nin, M. Taberna Sanz, Lara Iglesias Docampo, Ainara Soria Rivas, Antonio Rueda‐Domínguez, Ruey‐Long Hong, Shau-Hsuan Li, Hung‐Ming Wang, Chia‐Jui Yen, Muh‐Hwa Yang, Yi-Fang Chang, Yi‐Chun Liu, Jin‐Ching Lin, Meltem Ekenel, Hakan Harputluoğlu, Özgür Özyılkan, Ahmet Bılıcı, Mehmet Alı Nahıt Şendur, Çağatay Arslan, Shanmugasundaram Ramkumar, Dorothy M. Gujral, Simon Stewart, Melanie Powell, Amen Sibtain, Tom Roques, K. Yip, Arafat Mirza, Muthiah Sivaramalingam, Neil D. Belman, Sanjiv S. Agarwala, Ian C. Anderson, Arpan Patel, Ronald J. Maggiore, Megan Baumgart, Mary J. Fidler, Varinder Kaur, Elizabeth Gaughan, Francis P. Worden, Cristina P. Rodriguez, Ammar Sukari, Deborah Jean Lee Wong, Sue S. Yom, Joseph A. Fiorillo, Jeffrey T. Yorio, Grzegorz S. Obara
Bibliographic record
VenueThe Lancet Oncology · 2024
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicHead and Neck Cancer Studies
Canadian institutionsPrincess Margaret Cancer CentreUniversity of Toronto
FundersMerck Sharp and Dohme
KeywordsMedicinePembrolizumabChemoradiotherapyPlaceboRegimenHead and neck squamous-cell carcinomaClinical endpointInternal medicineRadiation therapyOncologyHead and neck cancerClinical trialSurgeryCancerPathology
Abstract
No abstract in any covered source. Its absence is recorded, not treated as a negative.
No abstract. This is not a gap in this database; OpenAlex has none either. 23.3% of the frame is in this state, and the screen finds HALF as much metaresearch here, so the absence is a measured bias rather than a missing field.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
metaresearch head score (Codex)0.002
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.002
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Randomized trial · Consensus signal: Randomized trial
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.009
Threshold uncertainty score0.029
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.009 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
Opus teacher head0.049
GPT teacher head0.363
Teacher spread0.314 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation status
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designRandomized trial
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".
Quick stats
Citations210
Published2024
Admission routes1
Has abstractno