Feasibility and Findings of Including Self-Identified Adult Congenital Heart Disease Patients in the INVESTED Trial
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) patients have significant morbidity and rise in cardiac admissions. Their outcome with high-dose influenza vaccination is unknown in comparison to those without ACHD. The purpose of this study was to compare all-cause mortality or cardiopulmonary hospitalizations in self-identified ACHD versus non-ACHD patients receiving high- or low-dose influenza vaccination within the INfluenza Vaccine to Effectively Stop cardioThoracic Events and Decompensated heart failure trial. We prospectively included ACHD patients in the INVESTED (INfluenza Vaccine to Effectively Stop cardioThoracic Events and Decompensated heart failure) trial. The primary end point was all-cause death or hospitalization for cardiovascular or pulmonary causes. Of the 272 ACHD patients, 132 were randomly assigned to receive high-dose trivalent and 140 to standard-dose quadrivalent influenza vaccine. Compared to the non-ACHD cohort (n = 4,988), ACHD patients were more likely to be younger, women, smokers, have atrial fibrillation, and have a qualifying event of heart failure. The primary outcome was 49.8 events versus 42.8 events per 100 person-years (adjusted HR: 1.17; 95% CI: 0.95-1.45; P = 0.144) in the ACHD group and non-ACHD group, respectively. The interaction between ACHD status and randomized treatment effect was not significant for the primary outcome (P = 0.858). Vaccine-related adverse events were similar in both groups. Patients who self-identify as being ACHD had similar primary outcome of all-cause death or hospitalization for cardiovascular or pulmonary causes compared to non-ACHD cohort. High-dose influenza vaccination was similar to standard-dose influenza vaccination on the primary outcome in patients who self-identify as ACHD.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".