Association of Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms with Caries Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background In this study, we aimed to evaluate the association of Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms with caries risk in children (< 18 years).Methods The electronic databases PubMed, Cochrane, EMBASE, Web of Science, CNKI, Cqvip, and Wanfang were searched for observational studies on the relationship between VDR polymorphisms and caries, including cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies. Quality assessment of selected studies was conducted using the Newcastle Ottawa scale. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) values for associations of individual VDR polymorphisms with dental caries were calculated based on four genetic models: allelic, recessive, dominant, and overdominant. Of 79 studies considered, 10 (nine case-control and one cross-sectional) were selected for analysis; the studies involved seven VDR single nucleotide polymorphisms: rs731236, rs739837, rs10735810, rs2228570, rs7975232, rs1544410, and rs11568820.Results Alleles C and T of rs10735810 were significantly differently distributed in the caries and caries-free groups (OR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.30–2.30, P = 0.03), with CC + CT genotypes at this locus associated with greater risk of developing caries than the TT genotype (OR = 1.87, 95%CI: 1.15–3.04, P = 0.01). Further, TT + CC genotype at rs731236 was associated with a 1.33-fold higher risk of caries development than the TC genotype (OR = 1.33, 95%CI:1.06–1.67,P = 0.02). On subgroup analysis, the association between rs731236 and caries risk was affected by dentition type, ethnicity, and genotyping method (permanent dentition: OR = 1.48, 95%CI: 1.07–2.03, P = 0.02; Asian: OR = 1.38, 95%CI: 1.02–1.87, P = 0.03; quantitative PCR test: OR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.10–2.10, P = 0.01). Genotype distributions at rs1544410, rs739837, rs2228570, and rs7975232 did not differ significantly between the caries and caries-free groups.Conclusions Caries risk was associated with rs731236 and rs10735810 genotypes, and rs731236 may be a risk factor for permanent teeth caries among Asian people.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.010 | 0.022 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.016 | 0.028 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.007 | 0.008 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".