<i>In Situ</i> Biofabrication of Microbial Cellulose Capsules Carrying Cubosomes: Toward Colon Targeted Multidrug Delivery
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The colon is a main absorption site (nutrients and drugs) and a target for oral therapeutic delivery. However, the latter is challenged by the fact that most drugs degrade during transit in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Herein, we rationally designed a universal controlled-release system based on cubosomes contained in microbial nanocellulose capsules that enabled oral administration and pH-triggered delivery of bioactives. We show that the bicontinuous cubosome structure allows the simultaneous incorporation of drugs with differing polarity or surface energy. Furthermore, the multidrug cubosomes combined with the cellulose carrier by in situ biofabrication was demonstrated as a route toward multicomponent 3D capsules with added protection in the GIT. The obtained capsules were subsequently coated with sodium alginate to enable responsiveness, achieving dual cargo-controlled release and site-specific administration. In sum, we successfully engineered pH-responsive, nontoxic microcapsules as a versatile platform for colon-targeted multidrug delivery.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".