Examining the role of magnetic fields in plasma behavior and surface evolution of a Mg alloy with varied irradiances in a femtosecond laser treatment
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper reports the effect of a magnetic field on plasma parameters and surface structuring of the Mg alloy after laser irradiation. Femtosecond pulses of a Ti:sapphire laser system (800 nm, 35 fs, 1 KHz) are employed as the source of irradiation at various irradiances ranging from 0.011PW/cm2 to 0.117PW/cm2 to generate ablated Mg-alloy plasma. A transvers magnetic field (TMF) of strength 1.1 Tesla is employed to confine laser generated Mg plasma. All the measurements are performed with and without TMF. The two plasma parameters, i.e., excitation temperature (Texc) and electron number density (n e ) of Mg plasma, have been evaluated by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) analysis. It is observed that the values of Texc and n e of laser produced plasma (LPP) of the Mg alloy are higher in the presence of a magnetic field as compared to the field free case. Both show initially an increasing trend with increasing laser irradiance and after attaining their respective maxima a decreasing trend is observed with the further increase of irradiance. The magnetic confinement validity is confirmed by analytically evaluating thermal beta (β t ), directional beta (β d ), confinement radius (R b ), and diffusion time (t d ) for LPP of the Mg alloy. To correlate the LPP parameters of the Mg alloy with surface modifications a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) analysis is performed. It was revealed that structures like laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSSs), agglomerates, islands, large sized bumps, along with channels and multiple ablative layers are observed. Distinct and well-defined surface structuring is observed in the presence of TMF as compared to the field free case. It is concluded that by applying an external magnetic field during laser irradiation, controlled material surface structuring is possible for fabrication of nanogratings and field emitters where spatial uniformity is critically important.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".