Pediatric testicular torsion management practices
Bibliographic record
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Pediatric testicular torsion (TT) is a urologic emergency that may result in testicular loss if left untreated. Testicular salvage is dependent on prompt intervention, and thus delays in diagnosis and management may threaten testicular viability. Knowledge of real-world Canadian practice patterns for pediatric TT will allow optimization of practices based on resource availability and geographic limitations to improve care. METHODS: An electronic survey on pediatric TT management was distributed to Canadian urologists. Descriptive statistics were performed on respondent demographic factors, hospital policies and barriers to care, surgical approaches, and transfer practices. Respondent practice patterns were analyzed based on geographic location and training. RESULTS: Thirty-four urologists responded, with most respondents operating a community practice. Ultrasonography (US) was frequently used to support TT diagnosis. Despite this, poor US access was often cited as a barrier to care, with particular impact on rural urologists. Neonatal patients and <10 years old were commonly transferred to a pediatric hospital for definitive management due to surgeon discomfort and hospital policies. Reported transport methods commonly included use of the patient's own vehicle or ambulance based on availability and timing. CONCLUSIONS: Neonatal patients and patients under 10 years old are most commonly reported to be transferred to pediatric hospitals for TT management. Patients located in rural locations and at centers with limited US access may be at risk for delayed diagnosis and treatment. Pathways for prompt management of suspected TT may better serve these younger pediatric patients.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".