Editorial: Psychoneuroendocrinology of psychosis disorders, volume II
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The aim of this research topic was to present the most recent and relevant advances in our understanding of the role of hormonal factors implicated in the etiopathology of psychotic disorders. Five studies are included in this issue. Two explore relationships between thyroid function, structural and functional biological mechanisms, and clinical symptoms of psychosis and schizophrenia (Frontiers | Case report: Impact of hyperthyroidism on psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia comorbid with Graves' disease (frontiersin.org); Frontiers | Relationship between thyroid-stimulating hormone, BDNF levels, and hippocampal volume in antipsychotic-naïve first-episode psychosis patients (frontiersin.org)). One study investigates the impact of circulating neuropeptides on cognitive function and symptoms in schizophrenia and related disorders (Frontiers | Decreased plasma neuropeptides in first-episode schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder: associations with clinical symptoms and cognitive function (frontiersin.org)). The concept of stress is closely allied with endocrinological disruption. show α-MSH, neurotensin, orexin-A, oxytocin, and substance P to be decreased in all three patient 66 groups compared to the control group. Lower oxytocin levels and higher substance P levels in this 67 study were associated with higher severity of psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia as well as bipolar 68 disorder. β-endorphin was found to be correlated with early morning wakening in all patient groups. 69Plasma neuropeptides were consequently identified as potentially important transdiagnostic 70 biomarkers of severe mental illness. 71 While there are many forms of stress, psychosocial stress is often not investigated in 72 biological studies focusing on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Following up on the gaps in this field, Giné-73Servén and collaborators (Frontiers | Psychosocial stress moderates the relationship between 74 cerebrospinal fluid lactate dehydrogenase and the duration of untreated psychosis in first-episode 75 psychosis (frontiersin.org)) investigated whether psychosocial events mediate/moderate the 76 association between duration of untreated psychosis (DUP), lactate dehydrogenase levels in CSF and 77 other CSF biomarkers in FEP patients. Among 95 individuals with FEP, 56.8% reported a stressful 78 life event in the previous 6 months. In these, a shorter DUP correlated with LDH concentrations after 79 adjustment for potential confounding factors. The suggestion is that psychosocial stress modulates 80 the association between CSF biomarkers and the onset of psychosis. 81 Palacios-Hernández and collaborators (Frontiers Hormones, psychotic disorders, and 82 cognition in perinatal women: a mini review (frontiersin.org)) provide a review of hormonal changes 83 influencing the onset of perinatal psychotic disorders as well as cognitive dysfunction in perinatal 84 women. Fourteen studies are included in the review, that mainly tested the following five hypotheses: 85 1) change in dopamine receptors, 2) increase in cortisol levels, 3) change in estrogen levels, 4) 86 determination of thyroid dysfunction and 5) decrease in oxytocin levels. Only one reported studied 87 the relationship of hormones and cognition. Evidence for three of the examined hypotheses in the 88 review is found: 1) increased dopaminergic response was related to high sensitivity of hypothalamic 89 receptors, 2) elevated cortisol levels were seen, in line with the neural diathesis-stress model of 90 psychosis, and 3) a relationship was seen between thyroid dysfunction and psychotic episodes. There 91 was no relationship between hormones and cognitive function. 92To sum up what there is to learn in this special Frontiers issue investigating endocrinological 93 effects on psychosis in 2024, we emphasize the emergent role of the thyroid gland on brain structure 94 and function in patients with early schizophrenia (5). We learn that neuropeptides, though not 95 identical to substances generally considered as hormones, are important inter-cellular signaling 96 molecules whose levels differ significantly between patients with severe mental illness and controls 97 as a result of psychosocial stress. Lastly, with regard to perinatal psychotic disorder in which a 98 relationship between hormones and psychotic symptoms has been previously shown, we learn that 99 the question of hormonal influence on cognition in this disorder remains understudied and uncertain. 100
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.011 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.010 | 0.014 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.020 | 0.011 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".