FEMTOSECOND LASER‐INDUCED FIBER BRAGG GRATINGS FOR HARSH ENVIRONMENT SENSING
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The fiber Bragg grating (FBG) device is an optical filter that is created within the core of an optical fiber waveguide using a high-power laser. Traditional FBG sensors are typically inscribed into the Ge-doped cores of silica-based telecommunication-type optical fibers that are photosensitive to high-power ultraviolet (UV) lasers. This chapter discusses mechanisms for femtosecond laser-material interaction and laser-induced index change along with how they relate to harsh environment sensing applications. It provides an overview of femtosecond laser-induced FBG inscription techniques and their unique attributes along with how they can be applied to different sensing applications for harsh environments. The chapter focuses on the phase mask technique for femtosecond-FBG inscription since it has the potential to be the most industrially relevant approach for mass production of FBG sensors. Techniques used to fabricate FBGs with femtosecond lasers and a phase mask are very similar to those used in UV-laser-based FBG manufacturing for sensing and telecommunications.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".