Story-Based Effective Length Factors for Unbraced PR Frames
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper proposes a practical method to evaluate the effective length factor K for compressive members in unbraced partially-restrained frames under elastic buckling. In light of story-based buckling and the introduction of the end-fixity factor to characterize the beam-to-column connections of partially-restrained frames, the lateral stiffness of columns with consideration of the effect of axial load is derived. The formulations and procedure of calculating story-based column effective length factors are presented. Numerical examples are then presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed procedure. With the adoption of the end-fixity factor, different member end rotational conditions can be readily modeled by derived formulations. Therefore, the proposed approach is comprehensive and can be applied for both unbraced partially and fully restrained frames.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it