Growth, filtration and respiration characteristics of small single-osculum demosponge <i>Halichondria panicea</i> explants
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Filter-feeding demosponges are modular organisms that consist of modules each with one water-exit osculum. Once a mature module has been formed, the weight-specific filtration and respiration rates do not change. Sponge modules only grow to a certain size and for a sponge to increase in size, new modules must be formed. However, the growth characteristics of a small single-osculum module sponge are fundamentally different from those of multi-modular sponges, and a theoretically derived volume-specific filtration rate scales as F/V=V-1/3, indicating a decrease with increasing total module volume (V, cm3). Here, we studied filtration rate (F, l h-1), respiration rate (R, ml O2 h-1), volume-specific (F/V) and weight-specific (F/W) filtration rates, and the ratios F/R and F/W along with growth rates of small single-osculum demosponge Halichondria panicea explants of various sizes exposed to various concentrations of algal cells. The following relationships were found: F/V=7.08V-0.24, F=a1W1.05, and R=a2W0.68 where W is the dry weight (mg). The F/R and F/W ratios were constant and essentially independent of W, and other data indicate exponential growth. It is concluded that the experimental data support the theoretical F/V∝V-1/3.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".