Similar hypoglycemia duration with once-weekly icodec versus degludec or glargine U100 in insulin-treated T2D: a post hoc CGM analysis from ONWARDS 2 & 4
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Once weekly (OW) icodec is a basal insulin in development. Hypoglycemia duration during the switch (weeks 0–4) and steady state (weeks 22–26) periods from two phase 3, randomized, treat-to-target trials in T2D was investigated, using double-blinded Dexcom G6 CGM. Insulin-treated individuals were randomized to OW icodec or once-daily (OD) degludec (ONWARDS 2), or OW icodec or OD glargine U100 with mealtime insulin aspart (ONWARDS 4). When switching, a one-time only additional 50% icodec dose was administered. Basal insulins were titrated weekly. Median hypoglycemia<70 mg/dL duration for episodes lasting ≥ 15 minutes and the proportion of such episodes spent<54 mg/dL were assessed. Median duration of hypoglycemia<70 mg/dL was similar between icodec and comparators during switch and at steady state, with no apparent clustering in either time-period. At steady state (icodec/degludec and icodec/glargine U100), of the episodes<70 mg/dL, 66.6/63.9% and 60.4/60.0% spent no time<54 mg/dL; 23.2/26.6% and 29.2/28.8% included episodes<54 mg/dL for ≥ 15 minutes; and 10.2/9.5% and 10.4/11.2% included episodes<54 mg/dL for<15 minutes, respectively. In insulin-treated T2D, the duration of hypoglycemic episodes<70 mg/dL was similar, with no apparent clustering, during switch and at steady state for OW icodec versus OD degludec or glargine U100. Publication History Article published online: 18 April 2024 © 2024. Thieme. All rights reserved. Georg Thieme Verlag KG Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".