A Stage for Debate: The Political Significance of Vienna's Burgtheater, 1814–1867 By MartinWagner, University of Toronto Press. 2023. pp. 215. $70 (hardcover and ebook)
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
For two reasons, Martin Wagner's monograph provides a first-rate study of Vienna's premiere stage, the famed Burgtheater: first, its approach and methodology are original and paradigmatic, and second, the scope is comprehensive but concise and transparent.Wagner portrays the political significance of the Burgtheater between 1814 and 1867 and its four directors during this period, a time that coincides with the Congress of Vienna-the remarkable comeback of the Habsburg imperial city as the center of European diplomatic affairs.It also overlaps with the so-called Ausgleich, or the formalized split of the Habsburg Empire into a dual monarchy, after Austria had lost its war in Italy in 1859 and against Prussia in 1866, interrupted by the unsuccessful revolutionary pro-democracy year of 1848.During these five-plus decades, the four theater directors Joseph Schreyvogel, Johann Ludwig Deinhardstein, Franz Ignaz von Holbein, and Heinrich Laube ensured that the Burgtheater "became the unquestioned leader among German-language theatres, boasting a broad repertoire and a widely admired ensemble," staging "roughly one thousand new plays" (11).Despite its reputation as the leading stage within German theater, the Burgtheater retains nevertheless the "established image [] as a bastion of mindless conservatism" (5), which Wagner wishes to counter by arguing "that it was a crucial stage for debates on key topics of Austrian liberalism," namely "individual liberty" vs. the political ideology of obedience within an authoritarian regime, "women's role in society," and "the meaning of German nationalism" (5).These three foci structure the bulk of the book, each receiving a chapter of about thirty pages (chapters 4-6).In the first three chapters, Wagner establishes his creative approach with what could quickly have become a nauseating theater history covered by a myriad of names,
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it