Bibliographic record
Abstract
This chapter explores the ways that the concept of a “disharmonic constitution” provides a useful analytic lens for the comparative study of constitution making in religiously divided societies. We consider constitutional design strategies that enable and allow for disharmonies – including choices to include ambiguity and even contradiction within a constitutional text, as well as to defer certain questions for incremental resolution through ordinary politics rather than textual entrenchment. These strategies demonstrate the utility and even centrality of dissonances in interpreting the “unfinished symphony” that is constitutional identity. In the chapter, we explore these themes by considering constitutional design in the Turkish and Israeli cases. We highlight the ways in which the concept of “disharmonic constitutionalism” and the significance of dissonance in constitutional design point towards a toolkit of options for religiously divided societies that seek to draft constitutions that manage rather than resolve underlying tensions over questions of constitutional identity. We share with Jacobsohn an appreciation for constitutionalism as an expression of contingent and local identities, negotiated across historical processes of contestation and meaning-making with more of an evolutionary than a revolutionary character, even in countries that may undergo moments of sharp political rupture, reversal or transformation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.029 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".