Evaluation of seasonal anoxia in Florianópolis North Bay through environmental indicators
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Foraminifera, as single-celled organisms encased in shell-like structures known as tests, play pivotal roles within marine ecosystems. Their ubiquitous presence and fossilized remains provide invaluable insights into past environmental conditions. However, contemporary challenges posed by human activities imperil foraminiferal populations, notably through pollution-induced hypoxia, a condition characterized by oxygen depletion in aquatic environments. This study focuses on utilizing foraminifera as bioindicators to assess hypoxia within Florianópolis's North Bay, situated in Brazil. Sediment samples collected in May and October 2014 served as the basis for this investigation. By analyzing both abiotic and biological data, the study uncovered concerning trends, including low oxygen levels and elevated organic matter content in the bay's sediments. These environmental conditions create favorable habitats for opportunistic species such as Ammonia tepida, known for their resilience to fluctuating environmental parameters. Additionally, the presence of an invasive species, Trochammina hadai, further complicates the ecological dynamics of the bay. This invasive species, originally from San Francisco Bay and Japan, underscores the interconnectedness of marine ecosystems and the potential consequences of biological invasions. The findings from this study shed light on the ecological imbalance within Florianópolis's North Bay, highlighting the urgent need for comprehensive management strategies. Addressing the root causes of pollution and hypoxia is paramount to safeguarding the bay's biodiversity and ecological health. Implementing effective conservation measures will be essential to ensure the long-term vitality of this marine ecosystem for future generations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".