Efficient Wireless Power Transfer to an Ultra-Miniaturized Antenna for Future Cardiac Leadless Pacemaker
Bibliographic record
Abstract
An ultra-wideband antenna with an ultra-miniaturized size of only 10.66 mm3 is proposed for a leadless pacemaker. The antenna was integrated with the dummy electronics of an LP to consider the components effects. The specific absorption rates were found in the safety limits. The antenna is tested by experiments in minced pork and the measured results are found in close agreement with simulation results. To convert the received radio frequency (RF) energy into direct current (DC), a multi-section rectifier with a wideband functionality was integrated with the proposed antenna. To improve the RF-dc conversion efficiency of the rectifier, spatial power combining techniques have been employed. In these techniques, two signals (1.5 GHz and 1.52 GHz) components have been generated separately and transmitted through an ultra-wideband horn antenna. It is observed that transferring two signals improved the received dc voltage by 28.2% compared to using a single frequency.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".