Bibliographic record
Abstract
A dataset containing 224977595 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query: { "TaxonKey" : [ "is one of (Loxia leucoptera J.F.Gmelin, 1789, Luscinia megarhynchos C.L.Brehm, 1831, Lymnocryptes minimus (Brünnich, 1764), Lyncornis macrotis (Vigors, 1831), Lyrurus tetrix (Linnaeus, 1758), Machlolophus holsti (Seebohm, 1894), Machlolophus spilonotus (Bonaparte, 1850), Macropygia ruficeps (Temminck, 1835), Macropygia unchall (Wagler, 1827), Mareca falcata (Georgi, 1775), Mareca penelope (Linnaeus, 1758), Mareca strepera (Linnaeus, 1758), Marmaronetta angustirostris (Ménétries, 1832), Megaceryle lugubris (Temminck, 1834), Melanitta fusca (Linnaeus, 1758), Melanitta stejnegeri (Ridgway, 1887), Melanochlora sultanea (Hodgson, 1837), Melanocorypha calandra (Linnaeus, 1766), Melanocorypha maxima Blyth, 1867, Melanocorypha mongolica (Pallas, 1776), Mergellus albellus (Linnaeus, 1758), Mergus merganser Linnaeus, 1758, Mergus serrator Linnaeus, 1758, Mergus squamatus Gould, 1864, Merops apiaster Linnaeus, 1758, Merops leschenaulti Vieillot, 1817, Merops philippinus Linnaeus, 1767, Merops viridis Linnaeus, 1758, Metopidius indicus (Latham, 1790), Microhierax caerulescens (Linnaeus, 1758), Milvus migrans (Boddaert, 1783), Minla ignotincta Hodgson, 1837, Mirafra javanica Horsfield, 1821, Mixornis gularis (Horsfield, 1822), Monticola gularis (Swinhoe, 1863), Monticola rufiventris (Jardine & Selby, 1833), Monticola saxatilis (Linnaeus, 1766), Monticola solitarius (Linnaeus, 1758), Montifringilla adamsi Adams, 1859, Montifringilla henrici (Oustalet, 1892), Montifringilla nivalis (Linnaeus, 1766), Motacilla alba Linnaeus, 1758, Motacilla cinerea Tunstall, 1771, Motacilla citreola Pallas, 1776, Motacilla flava Linnaeus, 1758, Motacilla maderaspatensis Gmelin, 1789, Motacilla tschutschensis Gmelin, 1789, Moupinia poecilotis (J.Verreaux, 1870), Mulleripicus pulverulentus (Temminck, 1826), Muscicapa dauurica Pallas, 1811, Muscicapa ferruginea (Hodgson, 1845), Muscicapa griseisticta (Swinhoe, 1861), Muscicapa striata (Pallas, 1764), Mycerobas affinis (Blyth, 1855), Mycerobas carnipes (Hodgson, 1836), Mycerobas melanozanthos (Hodgson, 1836), Mycteria leucocephala (Pennant, 1769), Myiomela leucura (Hodgson, 1845), Myophonus caeruleus (Scopoli, 1786), Myophonus insularis Gould, 1863, Myzornis pyrrhoura Blyth, 1843, Napothera epilepidota (Temminck, 1828), Neophron percnopterus (Linnaeus, 1758), Neosuthora davidiana (Slater, 1897), Netta rufina (Pallas, 1773), Nettapus coromandelianus (J.F.Gmelin, 1789), Niltava davidi La Touche, 1907, Niltava grandis (Blyth, 1842), Niltava macgrigoriae (Burton, 1836), Niltava vivida (Swinhoe, 1864), Ninox japonica (Temminck & Schlegel, 1845), Ninox scutulata (Raffles, 1822), Nipponia nippon (Temminck, 1835), Nisaetus cirrhatus (Gmelin, 1788), Nisaetus nipalensis Hodgson, 1836, Nucifraga caryocatactes (Linnaeus, 1758), Numenius arquata (Linnaeus, 1758), Numenius phaeopus (Linnaeus, 1758), Nycticorax nycticorax (Linnaeus, 1758), Nyctyornis athertoni (Jardine & Selby, 1828), Oenanthe deserti (Temminck, 1825), Oenanthe isabellina (Temminck, 1829), Oenanthe oenanthe (Linnaeus, 1758), Oenanthe picata (Blyth, 1847), Oenanthe pleschanka (Lepechin, 1770), Onychoprion aleuticus (S.F.Baird, 1869), Onychoprion anaethetus (Scopoli, 1786), Onychoprion fuscatus (Linnaeus, 1766), Onychostruthus taczanowskii (Prjevalsky, 1876), Oriolus chinensis Linnaeus, 1766, Oriolus mellianus Stresemann, 1922, Oriolus oriolus (Linnaeus, 1758), Oriolus tenuirostris Blyth, 1846, Oriolus traillii (Vigors, 1832), Oriolus xanthornus (Linnaeus, 1758), Orthotomus atrogularis Temminck, 1836, Orthotomus sutorius (Pennant, 1769), Otis tarda Linnaeus, 1758, Otus lettia (Hodgson, 1836), Otus scops (Linnaeus, 1758), Otus semitorques Temminck & Schlegel, 1844, Otus spilocephalus (Blyth, 1846), Otus sunia (Hodgson, 1836), Oxyura leucocephala (Scopoli, 1769), Pandion haliaetus (Linnaeus, 1758), Panurus biarmicus (Linnaeus, 1758), Paradoxornis guttaticollis David, 1871, Pardaliparus venustulus (Swinhoe, 1870), Parus major Linnaeus, 1758, Parus monticolus Vigors, 1831, Passer ammodendri Gould, 1872, Passer cinnamomeus (Temminck, 1836), Passer domesticus (Linnaeus, 1758), Passer hispaniolensis (Temminck, 1820), Passer montanus (Linnaeus, 1758), Pastor roseus (Linnaeus, 1758), Pavo muticus Linnaeus, 1766, Pelargopsis capensis (Linnaeus, 1766), Pelecanus crispus Bruch, 1832, Pelecanus philippensis Gmelin, 1789, Pellorneum albiventre (Godwin-Austen, 1877), Pellorneum ruficeps Swainson, 1832, Perdix dauurica (Pallas, 1811), Perdix hodgsoniae (Hodgson, 1856), Perdix perdix (Linnaeus, 1758), Pericrocotus brevirostris (Vigors, 1831), Pericrocotus cantonensis Swinhoe & P.L.Sclater, 1861, Pericrocotus divaricatus (Raffles, 1822), Pericrocotus ethologus Bangs & J.C.Phillips, 1914, Pericrocotus roseus (Vieillot, 1818), Pericrocotus solaris Blyth, 1846, Periparus ater (Linnaeus, 1758), Periparus rubidiventris (Blyth, 1847), Periparus rufonuchalis (Blyth, 1849), Perisoreus infaustus (Linnaeus, 1758), Perisoreus internigrans (Thayer & Bangs, 1912), Pernis apivorus (Linnaeus, 1758), Pernis ptilorhynchus (Temminck, 1821), Petronia petronia (Linnaeus, 1766), Phaenicophaeus tristis (Lesson, 1830), Phaethon rubricauda Boddaert, 1783, Phalacrocorax capillatus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1849), Phalacrocorax carbo (Linnaeus, 1758), Phalaropus fulicarius (Linnaeus, 1758), Phasianus colchicus Linnaeus, 1758, Phodilus badius (Horsfield, 1821), Phoebastria albatrus (Pallas, 1769), Phoebastria immutabilis (Rothschild, 1893), Phoebastria nigripes (Audubon, 1839), Phoenicurus alaschanicus (Prjevalsky, 1876), Phoenicurus auroreus (Pallas, 1776), Phoenicurus coeruleocephala (Vigors, 1831), Phoenicurus erythrogastrus (Guldenstadt, 1775), Phoenicurus erythronotus (Eversmann, 1841), Phoenicurus frontalis Vigors, 1832, Phoenicurus fuliginosus Vigors, 1831, Phoenicurus hodgsoni (Moore, 1854), Phoenicurus leucocephalus Vigors, 1831, Phoenicurus ochruros (S.G.Gmelin, 1774), Phoenicurus phoenicurus (Linnaeus, 1758), Phoenicurus schisticeps (J.E.Gray & G.R.Gray, 1847), Phyllergates cuculatus (Temminck, 1836), Phylloscopus affinis (Tickell, 1833), Phylloscopus armandii (Milne-Edwards, 1865), Phylloscopus borealis (J.H.Blasius, 1858), Phylloscopus borealoides Portenko, 1950, Phylloscopus burkii (Burton, 1836), Phylloscopus calciatilis Alström, Davidson, Duckworth, Eames, Le, Nguyen, Olsson, Robson & Timmins, 2009, Phylloscopus cantator (Tickell, 1833), Phylloscopus castaniceps (Hodgson, 1845), Phylloscopus chloronotus (J.E.Gray & G.R.Gray, 1847), Phylloscopus claudiae (La Touche, 1922), Phylloscopus coronatus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1847), Phylloscopus emeiensis Alström & Olson, 1995, Phylloscopus forresti Rothschild, 1921, Phylloscopus fuligiventer (Hodgson, 1845), Phylloscopus fuscatus (Blyth, 1842), Phylloscopus goodsoni Hartert, 1910, Phylloscopus griseolus Blyth, 1847, Phylloscopus hainanus Olsson, Alstrom & Colston, 1993, Phylloscopus humei (W.E.Brooks, 1878), Phylloscopus ijimae (Stejneger, 1892), Phylloscopus inornatus (Blyth, 1842), Phylloscopus intensior Deignan, 1956, Phylloscopus intermedius (La Touche, 1898), Phylloscopus kansuensis Meise, 1933, Phylloscopus maculipennis (Blyth, 1867), Phylloscopus magnirostris Blyth, 1843, Phylloscopus ogilviegranti (La Touche, 1922), Phylloscopus omeiensis (J.Martens, Eck, Päckert & Sun, 1999), Phylloscopus plumbeitarsus Swinhoe, 1861, Phylloscopus poliogenys (Blyth, 1847), Phylloscopus proregulus (Pallas, 1811), Phylloscopus pulcher Blyth, 1845, Phylloscopus reguloides (Blyth, 1842), Phylloscopus ricketti (Slater, 1897), Phylloscopus schwarzi (Radde, 1863), Phylloscopus sindianus W.E.Brooks, 1880, Phylloscopus soror (Alström & Olsson, 1999), Phylloscopus subaffinis Ogilvie-Grant, 1900, Phylloscopus tenellipes Swinhoe, 1860, Phylloscopus tephrocephalus (Anderson, 1871), Phylloscopus trochiloides (Sundevall, 1837), Phylloscopus trochilus (Linnaeus, 1758), Phylloscopus valentini (Hartert & Ejo, 1907), Phylloscopus whistleri (Ticehurst, 1925), Phylloscopus xanthodryas (Swinhoe, 1863), Phylloscopus xanthoschistos (J.E.Gray & G.R.Gray, 1847), Phylloscopus yunnanensis La Touche, 1922, Pica pica (Linnaeus, 1758), Picoides tridactylus (Linnaeus, 1758), Picumnus innominatus Burton, 1836, Picus canus J.F.Gmelin, 1788, Picus chlorolophus Vieillot, 1818, Picus rabieri (Oustalet, 1898), Picus xanthopygaeus (J.E.Gray & G.R.Gray, 1847), Pinicola enucleator (Linnaeus, 1758), Pitta moluccensis (Statius Muller, 1776), Pitta nympha Temminck & Schlegel, 1850, Pitta sordida (Statius Muller, 1776), Platalea leucorodia Linnaeus, 1758, Platalea minor Temminck & Schlegel, 1849, Plectrophenax nivalis (Linnaeus, 1758), Plegadis falcinellus (Linnaeus, 1766), Ploceus manyar (Horsfield, 1821), Ploceus philippinus (Linnaeus, 1766), Pluvialis fulva (J.F.Gmelin, 1789), Pluvialis squatarola (Linnaeus, 1758), Pnoepyga albiventer (Hodgson, 1837), Pnoepyga formosana Ingram, 1909, Pnoepyga immaculata J.Martens & Eck, 1991, Pnoepyga pusilla Hodgson, 1845, Podiceps auritus (Linnaeus, 1758), Podiceps cristatus (Linnaeus, 1758), Podiceps grisegena (Boddaert, 1783), Podiceps nigricollis C.L.Brehm, 1831, Podoces biddulphi Hume, 1874, Poecile davidi Berezowski & Bianchi, 1891, Poecile hypermelaenus Berezowski & Bianchi, 1891, Poecile montanus (Conrad von Baldenstein, 1827), Poecile palustris (Linnaeus, 1758), Poecile superciliosus Prjevalsky, 1876, Poecile weigoldicus (O.Kleinschmidt & Weigold, 1921), Polyplectron bicalcaratum (Linnaeus, 1758), Polyplectron katsumatae Rothschild, 1906, Pomatorhinus ferruginosus Blyth, 1845, Pomatorhinus musicus Swinhoe, 1859, Pomatorhinus ochraceiceps Walden, 1873, Pomatorhinus ruficollis Hodgson, 1836, Pomatorhinus schisticeps Hodgson, 1836, Pomatorhinus superciliaris (Blyth, 1842), Porzana porzana (Linnaeus, 1766), Prinia atrogularis (Moore, 1854), P
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.007 | 0.011 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.355 | 0.491 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; the direct Gemma label and the distilled Codex classifier agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".