Impact of CuCl2 Addition to PMMA Polymer on Structural and Optical Properties
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Pure and CuCl2 Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) films have been prepared by the solution cast method.The morphology of the films was investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM).The roughness, grain size, and average diameter of the pure and doped samples vary between an increase and a decrease with an increase the doping concentration.The root mean square (RMS) roughness of the dope of copper nanoparticle CuCl2 on the PMMA polymer was studied from 3D AFM images,increases from (5.27) nm to (10.42) nm.The homogeneity of the surface grains rises with the inuction in the value of the roughness rate with an increase in the dope.The optical characteristics of the polymer films were analyzed in the (200-1200) nm wavelength range.The transmittance, absorption coefficient, band gap, and Urbach have been estimated.The value of the energy band gap was 3.72 eV for an an undoped sample and it has been decreased to be (3.3,3.23, and 3.19) eV for (1%, 2% and 3%) of the doping ratio of CuCl2 while Urbach energy was increased after dopping.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".