A 400 V Dual-Phase Series-Capacitor Buck Converter GaN IC With Integrated Closed-Loop Control
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Gallium nitride (GaN) high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs) offer a 13× better$R_{\text{DS,on}}Q_{g}$figure-of-merit than silicon laterally-diffused metal-oxide semiconductor (LDMOS) devices for power converters operating above 100 V. Recent GaN manufacturing advancements allow monolithic integration, merging sensing, protection, and control circuits with high-voltage GaN HEMTs. This article presents a fully monolithic closed-loop series-capacitor buck converter for 200-to-5 V and 400-to-12 V direct conversion. The presented design manages closed-loop control complexity, overcoming challenges in analog and digital GaN circuitry and reducing static power consumption. A unique switching sequence eliminates the need for a level shifter, addressing challenges associated with common-mode transient immunity and high$dv/dt$signals. Converter operation is experimentally validated up to 400 V. The on-chip closed-loop control regulates the 5 V output voltage to within 87 mV under a load step from 0.35 to 0.85 A. The design achieves a competitive power density of 2.17 W$\mathrm{/}\text{cm}^{3}$, delivering 13.7 W at 400-to-12 V and attains a peak efficiency of 80.2$ \%$for 200-to-5 V operation. This work represents the first demonstration of closed-loop control with an integrated multiphase half-bridge capable of operating at 400$\, \text{V}$.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".