The endemic Hawaiian mealybug genus Phyllococcus Ehrhorn, 1916 (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Pseudococcidae): redescription of the type species and description of a new species on an endangered host plant, Cryptocarya mannii (Lauraceae)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The endemic Hawaiian mealybug genus Phyllococcus Ehrhorn (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Pseudococcidae) was erected in 1916 as a monotypic genus for a gall-inducing mealybug collected on the island of Oahu on Urera sandwicensis (now referred to genus Touchardia) (Urticaceae) in 1911. The species induces deep horn-shaped galls on the leaves of the host plant. Here we redescribe the adult female and adult male of Ph. oahuensis (Ehrhorn) and designate a lectotype; and we report a new record for Ph. oahuensis from the island of Maui. Additionally, we describe the adult female and second- and third-instar female nymphs of a new gall-inducing Phyllococcus species, Ph. cryptocaryae Percy, Watson & Hodgson, sp. n., found in galls on the leaves of Cryptocarya mannii (Lauraceae) in the central Waianae Mountains on Oahu. Also found galling the same host plant, and often in close proximity on the same leaf, were immatures of the triozid psyllid, Paurotriozana adaptata Caldwell, 1940 (Hemiptera: Psylloidea: Triozidae). Both the new mealybug and the triozid psyllid appear to be geographically restricted to the only remaining tree of C. mannii on Oahu and are therefore extremely vulnerable to extinction.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".