Spatiotemporal and isotopic niche overlap among Atlantic puffins, razorbills, and common murres during the non-breeding season in the Northwest Atlantic
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Little is known about the spatial and dietary overlap of seabird species during the non-breeding season, when scarce and patchy marine food resources could lead to interspecific competition. We aimed to quantify spatiotemporal and isotopic niche overlap among common murres Uria aalge, razorbills Alca torda, and Atlantic puffins Fratercula arctica outside the breeding season by combining data from geolocators and stable isotope ratios (δ15N, δ13C) of belly, secondary, and head feathers collected in 2017-2020 from birds breeding in coastal northeastern Newfoundland, Canada. Seasonal utilization distributions of each species indicated generally low spatial overlap during most of the non-breeding period, with exceptions immediately post-breeding and with variability in movement paths among puffins. Stable isotope analysis revealed a broader isotopic niche (1.5 to 3×) for puffins than other species, matching their greater spatial variation. There was no isotopic niche overlap among the 3 species, except during flight feather molt of razorbills and murres. Individual puffins located in the same area as razorbills or murres had lower δ15N values, suggesting a lower trophic position. The minimal overlap of these 3 alcid species during an understudied phase of their annual cycle suggests that they segregate spatially and partition resources, implying that different spatial planning and ecosystem conservation strategies should be applied to each of these 3 species.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".