Institutional Analysis of Economy: Qualitative and Quantitative Research and Methods
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The article is devoted to a comparative analysis of two alternative approaches to the study of economic institutions - qualitative and quantitative research methodologies. Analysis of the first shows that the task is to identify the meanings that people attach to their actions, while the task of the second is to identify regularities of connections between institutions and various aspects of behavior. Institutional analysis conducted on the basis of qualitative methodology is based on vague definitions of institutions that lack operationalization, while quantitative studies of institutions rely on strict operational definitions. The article outlines the procedures for both qualitative and quantitative research on institutions, the first of which involves obtaining data primarily through interviewing informants, and the second, primarily through observation of behavior. Accordingly, the result of a qualitative research is metis - local experiential knowledge possessed by members of a certain community, while the result of a quantitative study is a generalized knowledge of regularities expressed by confirmed hypotheses. The obtained comparison results can serve as information for researchers to select a methodology for studying economic institutions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.073 | 0.055 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.012 | 0.015 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.007 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.009 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".