Demonstration of a 0.8 W continuous wave bulk laser around 2 μm in a Tm<sup>3+</sup>:Ga-rich BGG glass
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Efficient lasing of Ga-rich BGG bulk glasses doped with Tm 3+ is demonstrated. Two BGG bulk samples with Tm 3+ ion concentrations of 1.27×10 20 cm −3 and 2.54×10 20 cm −3 were tested for their laser performance. In-band pumping was realized using a continuous-wave (CW) homemade Er-doped fiber laser at 1600 nm. A maximum slope efficiency of 27.7% was demonstrated with respect to the absorbed pump power. The emission cross-section was retrieved from the laser efficiency data for three different lasing wavelengths and compared with the theoretical calculations. The power scaling potential of the Tm 3+ :BGG glass was investigated and a maximum output power of 0.8 W was achieved.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".