Space-Efficient Data Structures for Polyominoes and Bar Graphs
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
We provide a compact data structure for representing polyominoes that supports neighborhood and visibility queries. Neighborhood queries concern reporting adjacent cells to a given cell, and visibility queries determine whether a straight line can be drawn within the polyomino that connects two specified cells. For an arbitrary small ϵ > 0, our data structure can encode a polyomino with n cells in (3 + ϵ)n + o(n) bits while supporting all queries in constant time. The space complexity can be improved to 3n + o(n), while supporting neighborhood queries in $\mathcal{O}(1)$ and visibility queries in $\mathcal{O}(t(n))$ for any arbitrary t(n) ∈ ω(1). Previous attempts at enumerating polyominoes have indicated that at least 2.00091n−o(n) bits are required to differentiate between distinct polyominoes, which shows our data structure is compact.In addition, we introduce a succinct data structure tailored for bar graphs, a specific subclass of polyominoes resembling histograms. We show that a bar graph comprising n cells can be encoded using n + o(n) bits, enabling constant-time query processing. Meanwhile, n − 1 bits are necessary to represent any bar graph, proving our data structure is succinct.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it