The late middle Eocene palynoflora of Hareø, West Greenland: polar forests in a vanishing greenhouse world
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Middle Eocene interbasaltic deposits of Hareø, West Greenland, have yielded a rich leaf and fruit record, which was described in the second half of the nineteenth century. In this study, we describe dispersed spores and pollen from the Aumarûtigssâ Member of the Hareøen Formation in order to obtain a more comprehensive picture of the late middle Eocene vegetation of West Greenland. The spore/pollen assemblage, derived from a resinite-rich coal bed, comprises 123 taxa, of which 14 belong to mosses, ferns and fern-allies, 14 to gymnosperms, and 95 to angiosperms. The most diverse groups of angiosperms are Fagales, comprising 27 taxa, and Rosales, represented by nine taxa. Along with conifers belonging to Pinaceae, these groups reflect the temperate character of the Hareø flora. In addition, a few ‘exotic’ elements include cycads probably belonging to an extinct temperate lineage that was widespread across the Northern Hemisphere during the Paleogene, palm trees, members of Mastixioideae and Santalaceae, both of which were characteristic elements of more southern warm temperate floras of Europe. A detailed comparison with macrofossil and spore/pollen assemblages of roughly coeval sites from Axel Heiberg Island (Canada), Spitsbergen (Arctic Ocean), and ODP site 151-913B in the Norwegian-Greenland Sea, show a highly consistent picture of the vegetation during this time.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it