NEW APPROACH TO DETECT VASCULAR DAMAGE BY MEASURING ARTERIAL STIFFNESS IN A HEMODYNAMIC MANNER
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective: Arterial stiffness is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, largely attributable to vascular aging, but it can be accelerated by certain metabolic conditions, such as diabetes and kidney disease. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is the conventional measure used to assess arterial stiffness, typically measured in the supine position with mechanical sensors placed on the carotid and on the femoral arteries. Recent advancements allow for the use of photoplethysmographic sensors to obtain finger-to-toe PWV (ftPWV), which can be performed in the sitting position, offering a new way to examine the vascular wall hemodynamically. The aim of this study is to 1) evaluate the impact of postural changes on arterial stiffness and 2) identify the determinants of PWV changes. Design and method: Cross-sectional study with a group of patients with kidney disease (eGFR < 60 ml/min) and a control group (eGFR > 60 ml/min). Blood pressure is first measured with an oscillometric device, then the finger-to-toe pulse wave velocity (ftPWV) is obtained using two photoplethysmographic sensors (pOpmetre®). Three measurements are taken in the supine position and then in the sitting position. Subsequently, paired t-test analyses and linear regressions were performed. Results: In the control group (n=37, aged 39 ± 18 years, 54% female), ftPWV increased from 6.8 ± 2.2 to 9.6 ± 2.5 m/s (P<0.001) following the postural change. Similarly, in the kidney disease group (n=73, aged 66 ± 14 years, 37% female), ftPWV significantly increased from 11.2 ± 4.7 to 17.8 ± 11.5 m/s (P<0.001). Linear regression analysis indicated that ftPWV in the supine position (ß = 0.336; P<0.001) and the presence of diabetes (ß=0.291; P<0.001) were associated with a greater increase in ftPWV. Age, sex, and cardiovascular diseases did not have a significant impact on the increase in ftPWV. Conclusions: These preliminary results show a significant increase in ftPWV following postural change, more so in patients with greater arterial stiffness and those with diabetes. This observation presents an intriguing opportunity to investigate whether a postural change can be used as a vascular stress test to identify arterial stiffness.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".