The cynipid gall wasp <i>Diplolepis rosae</i> is more successful in North America than in Europe because of enemy release
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The Enemy Release Hypothesis predicts that introduced species in their new range are freed from natural enemies (e.g., pathogens, parasitoids and predators) that control their populations. Diplolepis rosae (Hymenoptera, Diplolepididae), native to the Western Palearctic, induces readily apparent galls on wild roses ( Rosa spp.) that support a robust component community of inquilines, parasitoids and hyperparasitoids in its native range. D. rosae was introduced to North America in the mid‐1800s, and has since become widespread and common across the continent. We compared the insect communities associated with D. rosae galls from Canada and the US Pacific Northwest with those of Eastern Europe. Throughout its introduced range, parasitism rates were lower compared with galls in their natural range. Component communities were also less diverse and species‐rich. The relationship between gall size and parasitism rates showed no significant difference between the two continents. These results show that the component community in its introduced range is depauperate and provide support for the Enemy Release Hypothesis.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it