Bibliographic record
Abstract
People in general, and officialdom in particular, seem to have an obsessive and unholy concern about the place of one's birth.Practically the first question an immigration officer will put to anyone arriving at a Canadian border is, "Where were you born?"I have had to answer that question dozens of times, always with a sense of embarrassment, and always with a hurried addendum that I remember nothing about the old country and am strictly a Canadian.Because I was born in Russia, on April 16, 1908, and because my family left there in 1911 to come to Canada, my memories are all Canadian.For that I am thankful.I have to take my Russian origin on information and belief.I know I lived in Russia for three and a half years because my mother told me so.This peculiar but intense preoccupation with my birthplace can spring up in the most ordinary social communications.One time, for instance, I was a participant in a symposium sponsored by the Great-West Life Assurance Company.My role was a relatively modest one.I was the moderator of one of the panel discussions.Those taking part in all the panels were persons of distinction, whose reputations in their fields were national in character and in some cases even beyond that.One of the distinguished visitors was Sir Roger Bannister, known around the world as the first person to break the four-minute mile.I was introduced to him as Chief Justice Freedman, the Chief Justice of Manitoba.With the utmost cordiality, Sir Roger engaged me in conversation."Have you lived in Winnipeg all your life?"I saw at once what was coming."No," I replied, "I was about three and a half years old when our family came to this country."Sir Roger's next question was the inevitable one."Where were you born?"I answered, "In Russia."Our conversation continued for several minutes.Sir Roger was all charm and enchantment.Not every day did he meet a Chief Justice born in Russia.The following day my wife Brownie found herself seated next to Sir Roger at a luncheon arranged in connection with the symposium.When she was introduced to Sir Roger, his instant comment was, "Your husband was born in Russia.I had the pleasure of meeting him yesterday."My father, Nathan, and my mother, Ada-her family name was Foxman-left the old world and came to the new in the pursuit of liberty.They both came from a small town near Zhitomir in the Ukraine.They were married in Zhitomir in February 1898-the exact date is uncertain, because they always celebrated the anniversary according to the Jewish calendar, resulting in fluctuations from year to year.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".