The RADARSAT Constellation Mission for Soil Moisture Retrieval of Bare Soil by Compact Polarimetry and Random Forest Regression
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The RADARSAT Constellation Mission (RCM) performance evaluation is currently in progress for core Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) applications. This study aims to investigate the retrieval of Soil Moisture Content (SMC) in bare soil with RCM compact polarimetry and Random Forest Regression (RFR). The focus is on RH (right circular transmit and linear horizontal receive signal) and RV (right circular transmit and linear vertical receive signal) backscattering, which are the primary RCM Compact Polarimetric (CP) products. SMC retrieval is pursued over a wide range of radar incidence angles. Then, an attempt is made to retrieve SMC at higher radar incidence angles only. Furthermore, soil moisture maps are produced and used for analyzing the captured soil moisture variability. CP SAR images acquired with the RCM SC30MCP mode over three Canadian experimental sites are considered in our study. The sites are equipped with calibrated Real-Time In-Situ Soil Monitoring for Agriculture (RISMA) stations. A RFR retrieval algorithm was able to predict SMC with a correlation of 0.75 when compared to in-situ soil moisture measurements. A Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) = 5.9%, a bias = −1.5%, and an unbiased RMSE (ubRMSE) = 5.7% are achieved. A degradation in performance is reported for SMC retrieval under higher radar incidence angles. Results of our study indicate promising performance for capturing near-surface soil moisture variability under bare soil conditions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".