Reference Ranges for Arterial Oxygen Saturation, Heart Rate, and Cerebral Oxygen Saturation during Immediate Postnatal Transition in Neonates Born Extremely or Very Preterm
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective To define percentile charts for arterial oxygen saturation (SpO 2 ), heart rate (HR), and cerebral oxygen saturation (crSO 2 ) during the first 15 minutes after birth in neonates born very or extremely preterm and with favorable outcome. Study design We conducted a secondary-outcome analysis of preterm neonates included in the COSGOD III trial with visible cerebral oximetry measurements and with favorable outcome, defined as survival without cerebral injuries until term age. We excluded infants with inflammatory morbidities within the first week after birth. SpO 2 was obtained by pulse oximetry, and electrocardiogram or pulse oximetry were used for measurement of HR. CrSO 2 was assessed with near-infrared spectroscopy. Measurements were performed during the first 15 minutes after birth. Percentile charts (10 th to 90 th centile) were defined for each minute. Results A total of 207 preterm neonates with a gestational age of 29.7 (23.9-31.9) weeks and a birth weight of 1200 (378-2320) grams were eligible for analyses. The 10 th percentile of SpO 2 at minute two, five, ten and 15 was 32%, 52%, 83% and 85%, respectively. The 10 th percentile of HR at minute two, five, ten and 15 was 70bpm, 109bpm, 126bpm and 134bpm, respectively. The 10 th percentile of crSO 2 at minute two, five, ten and 15 was 15%, 27%, 59% and 63%, respectively. Conclusions This study provides new centile charts for SpO 2 , HR, and crSO 2 for extremely preterm neonates with favorable outcome. Implementing these centiles in guiding interventions during the stabilization process after birth might help to more accurately target oxygenation during postnatal transition period.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.009 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".